Methallyl phosphates



organic phosphates, may be employed without ture of about 115 C. The solution was cooled UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHALLYL PHOSPHATES Edgar C. Britten and Clarence L. Moyle, Midland,

Mich., assignors to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich., a corporation of Michigan No Drawing. Application ctobcr 12, 1931,

Serial No. 168,624

'1 Claims. (Cl. 260461) The present invention relates to a class of new The following examples illustrate several ways unsaturated organic phosphates having the genin which the principle of the invention has been eral formula: employed but are not to be construed as limitin the scope of the invention: o-cn,r:=on, Example 1 5 0=P-0R| A solution of sodium methallylate was prepared by dissolving 69 grams of metallic sodium h i R h in a mixture of 432 grams of methallyl alcohol w ere n and 2 eac represents hydrocar and 2165 grams of toluene. This solution was 10 bon radical, as well as to a method of making such phosphates. These new compounds, hereinafter referred to as methallyl phosphates are colorless mobile liquids useful as solvents for a variety of materials and as modifying agents in the polymerization of vinyl compounds, particularly styrene.

Our new methallyl phosphates are preferably prepared by reacting methallyl alcohol or an alkali metal salt thereof with a phosphorous oxy- 20 halide or a phosphoric ester halide, i. e., an organic phosphoric acid ester containing at least one halogen atom attached to the phosphorus atom, such as ethyl phosphoric acid dichloride,

cooled to a temperature of 12 .C. and 153 grams of phosphorus oxychloride was added gradually. The mixture was then agitated and gradually heated to a temperature of 50 C. during two hours in orderto complete the reaction. The 15 product was washed with water, dried over potassium carbonate, and fractionally distilled at reduced pressure, the fraction distilling at temperatures between 134.5 C. and 140 C. at 5 millimeters absolute pressure being collected. This fraction consisted of 134 grams of trimethallyl phosphate, a colorless mobile liquid having a speoiiic gravity of 0.988 at 26/26 C. and a refractive index of about 1.4454 at C. and 1.4470

di-phenyl phosphoric acid monobromide, etc. at C 25 25 New phosphates having the above general for- E I 2 mula may also be prepared by reacting together mm? 6 a phosphorus oxyhalide, methallyl alcohol or an A solution of sodium methallylate was prealkali metal salt thereof, and at least one other pared by dissolying 46 grams of metallic sodium 80 monohydric alcohol or phenol, e. g., ethyl alcohol, in 696 grams of methallyl alcohol at a tempera- 30 crotyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, phenyl phenol, etc., ture of about 100 C. The solution was cooled or an alkali metal salt thereof. to a temperature of about 0 C. and 163 grams of In preparing methallyl phosphates we prefer ethyl phosphoric acid dichloride (boiling point to use one mol. ofthe phosphorus oxyhalide or 95 to 98 C. at 3 inches pressure) was added phosphoric ester halide and an equivalent gradually during two hours. The mixture was 35 amount of an alkali metal salt of methallyl althen agitated and heated to a temperature of cohol, i. e., one, two, or three mols., depending 30 C. during two hours. The crude reaction upon the product desired, although other proporproduct was washed with water, dried over sotlons may be employed. The alkali metal medium sulfate, and fractionally distilled at reduced thallylate is dissolved or suspended in a suitable pressure, the fraction distilling at temperatures 40 medium, e. g., methallyl alcohol, benzene, tolubetween 120 C..and 135 C. at 6 millimeters ab- 40 ene, etc., or mixtures thereof. This solution is solute pressure being collected. This fraction cooled to a temperature below about 15 0., and consisted of 106 grams or dimethallyl ethyl phosmixed gradually with aphosphorus oxyhalide or phate, a colorless mobile liquid having a density phosphoric ester halide. The mixture is then of 1.040 at 25/25 C. and a refractive index of 45 agitated and heated for about an hour at a tem- 1.4390 at 25 C.

perature not exceeding about 125 C. in} 01:81 Example 3 l 22523 52213 w iifi ateg gn zl glgp 3; A solution of sodium methallylate was pre- I crude material, comprising one or more methal pared by dissolving 23 grams of metallic sodium o0 lyl phosphates and a small proportion of other in 432 grams of methallyl alcohol at tempera further purification for many purposes, or it may to a temperature of and 268 grams 0! (1 be fractionally distilled at reduced pressure or P y Phosphoric d noc loride was added otherwise treated to separate the desired meslowly. Th mix u w h i ted and thallyl phosphate in a pure state. heated to a temperature of 30 C. during 15 min- 86 .01! at reduced pressure.

mula;

, A solution of sodium methallylate was prepared by dissolving 46 grams of,sodium in 1044 grams of methallyl alcohol at a temperature of about -100 C. The solution was cooled to room temperature and 287 grams of mono-ortho-diphenyl phosphoric acid dichloride having the, formula:

' was added gradually during minutes. The

mixture was agitated at a temperature of 25 to 30 C. for one hour longer and was then washed with water. The excess methallyl alcohol was distilled oil at reduced pressure, leaving 366 grams of a colorless residual liquid having a spev ciilc gravity of 1.1149 at 25/25 C. and a refractive index of 1.5331 at 25 C. Upon analysis this liquid was found to consist largely of dimethallyl mono-ortho-diphenyl phosphate, which has the formula:

An attempt was made to distill the product at 8 millimeters pressure. but it decomposed withou boiling at a temperature of 190 C.

Other methallyl phosphates having the general formula herelnbefore presented may be prepared by the methodsillustrated in the foregoing 5 detailed examples, e. g. monomethallyl dibutyl phosphate, dimethallyl crotyl phosphate, mono- 15 We therefore particularly point out anddistinctly claim as our invention:

1. A methallyl phosphate having the general formula:

wherein R1 and R2 each represents a hydrocarbon 25 radical.

2. Trimethallyl phosphate, a colorless liquid having the boiling point of about 134.5 to about 140 0. at 5 millimeters absolute pressure, and a refractive index of. about 1.4454 at 25 C.

3. Dimethallyl mono-ethyl phosph te, a colorless liquid having the boiling point of about C. to about C. at 6 millimeters absolute pressure, the specific gravity of about 1.040 at 25/25 C. and a refractive index of about 1.4390 at 25 C.

4. Mono-methallyl di-phenyl phosphate, a colorless liquid having the specific gravity of about 1.162 at 25/25 C. and a refractive index of about 1.5242 at 25 C.

5. The method which comprises reacting a compound selected from the class consisting of methallyl alcohol and alkali-metal salts thereof with a compound selected from the class consisting of phosphorus oxyhalides and organic phosphoric acid esters containing at least one halogen atom linked directly to a phosphorus atom.

6. The method which comprises reactingan alkali metal salt of methallyl alcohol with phosphorus oxyhalide.

7. The method which comprises reacting together a phosphorus oxyhalide, a compound selected from the class consisting of methallyl alcohol and alkali metal salts thereof, and at least 

